Short Answer

France is unlikely to declare a national state of emergency before January 1, 2027, as the government continues to favor localized measures over a national declaration, with Prime Minister Lecornu stating it is not currently needed; this outcome is priced at 26.0%.

1. Market Behavior & Drivers

This market's primary movement occurred on October 19, 2026, when the probability of a state of emergency spiked 26 percentage points. The move from 1.0% to 27.0% was a direct reaction to Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu's statement that he would use emergency powers "if needed" following significant unrest on October 17–18.
The price has since moderated to 16.0% as of October 20. This level appears to price in the government's subsequent clarification that it currently considers localized curfews a more appropriate response. While the option for a state of emergency remains on the table, official messaging has shifted to de-escalation, with President Emmanuel Macron urging calm. No statutory state of emergency under the 1955 law has been invoked.
  • No French state of emergency is expected; Prime Minister Lecornu affirmed it is not needed.
  • The government prefers localized curfews, with experts citing legal objections.

Who Wins and Why

Outcome Market Model Why
Before Nov 1, 2026 16.0% 11.4% The government immediately employed localized measures, reducing near-term declaration likelihood by November 1.
Before Jan 1, 2027 26.0% 17.6% France's government explicitly opted for localized measures, stating a national state of emergency is not needed.

Current Context

France has not declared a statutory state of emergency. As of Tuesday, October 20, 2026, the government has not invoked the statutory état d'urgence under Law No. 55-385 of April 3, 1955 [1]. Following violent unrest on October 17–18, President Emmanuel Macron urged calm, while Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu stated he would impose emergency powers “if needed” but currently considered localized curfews more appropriate [2][3][4][5]. The immediate government response includes localized curfews, demonstration bans, increased police and gendarmerie deployments, intelligence-led operations, and potential administrative bans, rather than a national state of emergency [4][6][7]. For market resolution, only a legally binding decree explicitly invoking the statutory état d'urgence takes effect; ordinary prefectoral orders or curfews do not qualify [1].
Expert assessments currently weigh against an emergency declaration. Constitutionalist Benjamin Morel notes that ordinary law already permits demonstration bans and movement restrictions [5]. Security-law specialist Nicolas Hervieu argues the central problem lies in operational capacity, not a lack of emergency legal powers [7]. The principal near-term escalation risk is a renewed wave of protests, particularly major demonstrations announced for November 5 and additional activity expected the following Saturday [3][6]. This unrest is occurring approximately six months before the 2027 presidential election [3][6].
Prediction markets price a low probability for a year-end declaration. As reported on October 20, 2026, Polymarket showed 17% Yes at 12:44 UTC, Future showed 16.5%, and another tracker indicated 22% for a declaration by December 31 [1][8][9]. Near-term odds were materially lower: approximately 2%–2.5% by October 21 and 7%–8% by October 31 [1][8][9]. France is more likely than not to avoid declaring a statutory state of emergency before January 1, 2027, representing a market-implied probability of roughly 80%–85% against a declaration [2][3][4][5][1]. My qualitative assessment is similar but slightly more cautious, estimating a 15%–25% probability of a Yes declaration, with the primary trigger being sustained or substantially worse nationwide violence if the current curfew strategy fails [2][3][4][5][1].
Sources (9)
  1. 1France declares state of emergency by...?polymarket.com
  2. 2Macron urges calm as France counts cost of worst unrest in...reuters.com
  3. 3France's government under pressure after weekend of widespread violencebbc.com
  4. 4French PM Lecornu says ready to declare state of emergency 'if needed' - France 24france24.com
  5. 5Violences du 17 octobre: pourquoi l’état d’urgence est écarté par le gouvernement?publicsenat.fr
  6. 6France announces curfews as government grapples with unrest - CNAchannelnewsasia.com
  7. 7What the "new tactics" against rioters demanded by Emmanuel Macron might look like - Le Tempsletemps.ch
  8. 8France declares state of emergency by...? | Futurefuture.news
  9. 9France declares state of emergency by... odds - PredictDeskpredictdesks.com

2. Price Chart

Historical Price (Probability)

Outcome probability
Date

3. Significant Price Movements

Notable price changes detected in the chart, along with research into what caused each movement.

📈 October 19, 2026: 26.0pp spike

Price increased from 1.0% to 27.0%

Outcome: Before Jan 1, 2027

What happened: The 26.0 percentage point spike in the prediction market on October 19, 2026, was primarily driven by traditional news and official statements. On that day, French Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu announced he would declare a state of emergency "if needed," which coincided with widespread reports of weekend violence and looting affecting thousands of businesses [1][2][3]. This official acknowledgment of a potential state of emergency, despite the immediate implementation of localized curfews, likely prompted the market to re-evaluate the probability of such a declaration [1][4][5][2]. Social media activity cannot be assessed as a driver, as no relevant information on posts or viral narratives from key figures is provided in the available sources.
Sources (5)
  1. 1French PM Lecornu says ready to declare state of emergency 'if needed' - France 24france24.com
  2. 2French PM says could declare state of emergency over unrest 'if needed' | AFP.comafp.com
  3. 3France's government under pressure after weekend of widespread violencebbc.com
  4. 4France announces curfews as government grapples with unrest | AFP.comafp.com
  5. 5French riots: French PM calls for partial curfews as he condemns 'thieves' and 'thugs' - BBC Newsbbc.com

4. Market Data

Contract Snapshot

This market resolves on whether France declares a state of emergency. A "YES" resolution occurs if France declares a state of emergency before the specified deadline for each sub-market. Conversely, a "NO" resolution occurs if no such declaration is made by the deadline. Key deadlines are November 1, 2026, and January 1, 2027, with the maximum payout for the latter by December 31, 2026.

Available Contracts

Market options and current pricing

Outcome bucket Yes (price) No (price) Last trade probability
Before Nov 1, 2026 $0.16 $0.86 16%
Before Jan 1, 2027 $0.26 $0.75 26%

Market Discussion

As of Tuesday, October 20, 2026, France had not declared a nationwide state of emergency, with Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu indicating a preference for localized curfews and restrictions over blanket powers, while stating he would declare one 'if needed' [1][2][3][4]. Prediction markets on October 20 priced a near-term declaration as very unlikely (around 2% by October 21), with probabilities rising to 17-23% by December 31, reflecting mixed trader commentary regarding current targeted responses versus potential escalation [5][6][7][8]. The market specifically defines a state of emergency as a legally binding decree under the 1955 law, excluding other security measures [5][6].

Sources (8)
  1. 1French PM Lecornu says ready to declare state of emergency 'if needed' - France 24france24.com
  2. 2France: Curfews issued in Paris, Nice after unrestdw.com
  3. 3French Prime Minister calls for partial curfews after...reuters.com
  4. 4France to impose new curfews where 'situation requires it',...euronews.com
  5. 5France declares state of emergency by...?polymarket.com
  6. 6France declares state of emergency by...? - Predicatepredicate.world
  7. 7France declares state of emergency by...? | Futurefuture.news
  8. 8[Polymarket] On peut parier la date de l'état d'urgence sur le forum Finance - 19-10-2026 23:52:56 - jeuxvideo.comjeuxvideo.com

5. Trust Index

Octagon Trust Index Kalshi 78 Good

Order book is critically thin.

Primary risk· Trade quality

How it adds up
Integrity80% of score85Strong
Trade quality20% of score49High Risk

Includes the cost to trade: a $1,000 order can't be filled here because the order book is too thin.

Trust score78Good

Weighted blend with hard caps — a critically weak safety pillar, or a severe trading anomaly, caps the total regardless of the rest. Full methodology · About the Trust Index

Trust profile
Integrity4 screens run · 6 don't apply
Market integrity
84Good

Outcome is hard to influence

No suspicious activity on any screen

Screened clean
Large tradesNo single trade dominates the tape. Clear
Thin-volume movesNo significant move Clear
Size patternsNo distribution read Clear
2 screens not run
Outcome control · doesn't apply to this market type
Thin-leg conviction · doesn't apply to this market type
Info fairness
80Good

Structural prior — no screens apply

No suspicious activity on any screen

Screened clean
Information exposureNo concentrated group can know the outcome materially early. Clear
4 screens not run
Move vs. catalyst · doesn't apply to this market type
Longshot repricing · doesn't apply to this market type
Pre-broadcast certainty · doesn't apply to this market type
Cross-venue timing · doesn't apply to this market type
Resolution quality
92Strong

Resolution mechanism is dependable

No suspicious activity on any screen

Resolution rules read: Clear

Liquidity
61Tradeable

Fills fine at modest size

2 contracts · worst first

Before Nov 1, 202652
Thin · low confidence

Light recent trading — size may not fill near the screen price.

Before Jan 1, 202772
Tradeable · low confidence

Light recent trading — size may not fill near the screen price.

Move quality
70Stable

No significant moves

2 contracts · worst first

Before Jan 1, 2027—
No significant move (6h)

Price was stable over the last 6 hours.

Before Nov 1, 2026—
No significant move (6h)

Price was stable over the last 6 hours.

Rule clarity
95Clear

Counts toward Resolution quality, not here

2 contracts · worst first

Before Jan 1, 202795
Clear · high confidence

Objective result from a trusted source (allowlist)

allowlist · Clear
Before Nov 1, 202695
Clear · high confidence

Objective result from a trusted source (allowlist)

allowlist · Clear
Trade quality
49High Risk

Order book is critically thin

Tradable, but expect execution cost beyond small sizes.

Outcome quality 62 (notional-weighted across 2 scored legs)

$100 order: 0.5c slippage (~5% of a 9.5c contract)

$1,000 order: book too thin to fill

$10,000 order: book too thin to fill

Before Jan 1, 202772Market scoreLiquidity72Move quality–Rule clarity95
Why 72
Liquidity
72 · Tradeable · low confidence

Light recent trading — size may not fill near the screen price.

Move quality
No significant move (6h)

Price was stable over the last 6 hours.

Rule clarity
95 · Clear · high confidence

Objective result from a trusted source (allowlist)

allowlist · Clear
Before Nov 1, 202652Market scoreLiquidity52Move quality–Rule clarity95
Why 52
Liquidity
52 · Thin · low confidence

Light recent trading — size may not fill near the screen price.

Move quality
No significant move (6h)

Price was stable over the last 6 hours.

Rule clarity
95 · Clear · high confidence

Objective result from a trusted source (allowlist)

allowlist · Clear

underwriting_v1.4 · computed Oct 23, 2026

6. What specific protest outcomes on or after November 5, 2026 could trigger a state of emergency declaration from the Macron government?

State of Emergency TriggerImminent danger from serious breaches of public order or public calamity [1][2]
Strongest Escalation SignalSimultaneous violence in several regions or police inability to restore order [1][2][3][4]
Recent Unrest DateOctober 19–20, 2026 [5][3][4][6][7][8]
A state of emergency could be declared for severe public disorder. The Macron government may declare a state of emergency on or after November 5, 2026, if protest outcomes demonstrate an imminent danger from serious breaches of public order or events whose nature and gravity amount to a public calamity [1][2]. The most significant escalation signal would be clear evidence of an imminent and serious threat to public order, particularly if there is simultaneous violence in multiple regions, if police are unable to restore order, or if nationwide restrictions on movement and gathering are required that prefects cannot enforce using their ordinary powers [1][2][3][4].
Multi-city riots or widespread violence could trigger a declaration. Specifically, a protest outcome on or after November 5, 2026, that could plausibly trigger a state of emergency would be a repeat or escalation into multi-city riots [1][2][9][10]. This includes sustained arson, mass looting, attacks on public buildings or police, widespread disruption of circulation, or violence that overwhelms local forces even with curfews and bans in place [1][2][9][10]. Conversely, peaceful mass demonstrations, transport strikes, school closures, or isolated clashes alone would not clearly meet the statutory threshold, as precedents for emergency declarations involve serious urban disorder or threats on a terrorist scale, not merely the size of a protest [1][2][11][9][10].
Recent unrest did not prompt a national state of emergency. France experienced unusually severe unrest on October 19–20, 2026, involving riots, looting, and numerous injuries and arrests [5][3][4][6][7][8]. However, the government opted for localized curfews rather than a national emergency, since the disorder was concentrated in urban centers [5][3][4][6][7][8]. Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu has publicly stated that a state of emergency could be imposed if circumstances necessitate it [3][4][12][13][14].
Sources (14)
  1. 1Loi n° 55-385 du 3 avril 1955 relative à l'état d'urgence. - Légifrancelegifrance.gouv.fr
  2. 2Loi n° 55-385 du 3 avril 1955 relative à l'état d'urgence. - Légifrancelegifrance.gouv.fr
  3. 3France imposes partial curfews in several cities, including...theguardian.com
  4. 4France: Partial curfews issued in Paris, Nice after unrestdw.com
  5. 5France imposes curfews in parts of Paris, other cities after...reuters.com
  6. 6Despite return to calm, France remains on edge ahead of...rfi.fr
  7. 7France's government under pressure after weekend of...bbc.com
  8. 8What's Behind the Protests in France and What Happens...wsj.com
  9. 9Décret n° 2015-1475 du 14 novembre 2015 portant application de la loi n° 55-385 du 3 avril 1955 - Légifrancelegifrance.gouv.fr
  10. 10Décret n° 2005-1386 du 8 novembre 2005 portant application de la loi n° 55-385 du 3 avril 1955 - Légifrancelegifrance.gouv.fr
  11. 11The State of Emergency in France: Days Without End?cambridge.org
  12. 12French PM says could declare state of emergency over...yahoo.com
  13. 13French PM says could declare state of emergency over...afp.com
  14. 14French PM Lecornu says ready to declare state of...france24.com

7. What recent actions and statements from Prime Minister Lecornu support the assessment that localized curfews remain the preferred response over a national state of emergency in late 2026?

Preferred ResponseLocalized curfews over a national state of emergency (late 2026) [1][2][3]
PM's Key Statement DateOctober 19, 2026 [1][2][4][3]
Rationale for CurfewsDisorder "highly concentrated in urban centres" [1][2][3]
Prime Minister Lecornu preferred localized curfews over a national state of emergency. On October 19, 2026, he explicitly stated that while a national state of emergency could be imposed "if needed," localized curfews were considered "more appropriate" for the situation [1][2][4][3]. He instructed prefects to impose limited, local, or partial curfews, focusing on specific urban areas to protect people, property, and businesses, while rejecting blanket curfews for entire cities or Paris [1][5][6][3]. This approach was rationalized by the understanding that disorder was "highly concentrated in urban centres," making targeted restrictions more proportionate than nationwide emergency powers [1][2][3].
Authorities promptly implemented localized curfews across several French cities. Curfews immediately covered selected areas of Paris and parts of Lille, Lyon, Nice, Bordeaux, and other municipalities [5][6][4][3]. These measures were often limited to minors, specific neighborhoods, or particular overnight periods [5][6][4][3]. By October 20, Lecornu noted that the targeted curfews had helped maintain calm overnight and affirmed that new curfews would be decided by prefects in coordination with mayors wherever the situation demanded, reinforcing a decentralized, conditions-based response [7]. Lecornu consistently supported localized curfews as the preferred late-2026 response, but he repeatedly kept the option of a national state of emergency open if conditions worsened or existing measures proved insufficient [1][2][7][3].
Sources (7)
  1. 1French PM Lecornu says ready to declare state of...france24.com
  2. 2French PM says could declare state of emergency over...afp.com
  3. 3France imposes partial curfews in several cities, including...theguardian.com
  4. 4France imposes curfews in parts of Paris, other cities after...reuters.com
  5. 5France announces curfews in aftermath of violent protestsaljazeera.com
  6. 6France's prime minister calls for localized curfews in cities...opb.org
  7. 7France to impose new curfews where 'situation requires it',...euronews.com

8. What specific powers does the 'état d'urgence' (Law No. 55-385) grant the French government that are unavailable through the localized prefectoral orders used in October 2026?

Individual House Arrest PowerAvailable under 'état d'urgence', not localized prefectoral orders [1][2]
Administrative House SearchesWithout prior judicial authorization, including digital seizure, under 'état d'urgence' [3][1][4]
Broader Public Order ControlsGovernment can order closures, assembly bans, and movement restrictions, unlike localized curfews [3][2][5]
The 'état d'urgence' (Law No. 55-385) significantly expands individual surveillance and control measures. It grants authorities the power to impose individual house arrest (assignation à résidence) on persons deemed a threat to security and public order, a preventive measure unavailable through ordinary local orders [1][2]. Additionally, the state of emergency allows for administrative house searches of locations, including homes, without prior judicial authorization, based on serious reasons that the place is frequented by someone whose behavior threatens security. During these searches, individuals present may be held, and accessible digital data can be copied or devices seized, subject to expedited judicial review [3][1][4].
Beyond individuals, the état d'urgence grants extensive public order control powers to the French government. Prefects can prohibit the circulation of people or vehicles, establish security zones, and bar specified individuals from certain areas, going beyond the scope of a local curfew [3][2]. The Interior Minister and prefects can temporarily close various public establishments such as theaters, drinking establishments, and places of worship, and prohibit meetings, public processions, marches, and gatherings that could cause disorder [3][2]. Further powers include ordering the surrender of certain firearms and, by decree, dissolving associations or groups involved in grave attacks on public order. When relevant provisions are activated, the Interior Minister can also block websites that provoke or glorify terrorism [2][3].
Sources (5)
  1. 1united nations human rights - special proceduresohchr.org
  2. 2État d'urgence en Francefr.wikipedia.org
  3. 3Loi n° 55-385 du 3 avril 1955 relative à l'état d'urgence. - Légifrancelegifrance.gouv.fr
  4. 4France: Upturned lives: The disproportionate impact of...amnesty.org
  5. 5France Curfew Ordered After Weekend Riots Rock France - Emadan Newsemadan.store

9. What are the primary legal and operational arguments from experts like Benjamin Morel and Nicolas Hervieu against invoking Law No. 55-385 for the current unrest?

Primary argument against Law No. 55-385Legal concerns (necessity, proportionality) and operational mismatch [1][2]
Government's initial preferred responseLocalized, partial curfews using ordinary-law measures [3][4]
Date PM indicated state of emergency could be imposedOctober 19, 2026 [3][4]
Experts raise significant legal objections to invoking Law No. 55-385 for current unrest. Notable figures, including Nicolas Hervieu, primarily argue against its use due to significant concerns regarding necessity and proportionality [1][2]. A core objection is that the law must remain a temporary and proportionate measure, not a routine replacement for standard policing [1]. Research from CREDOF and Hervieu further highlights ongoing worries about individual rights, judicial oversight, and the potential normalization of emergency powers, noting that the law permits administrative house searches, residence assignments, and meeting restrictions through ex ante administrative actions [1][2]. Critics contend that Law No. 55-385, designed for imminent, grave public-order peril, is ill-suited for broad social protests and geographically concentrated rioting, which demand more tailored responses [3][5][1].
Existing legal tools can manage current unrest effectively from an operational standpoint. The current situation is largely viewed as manageable through measures such as localized curfews, bans on demonstrations in specific areas, arrests, increased police deployment, and improved intelligence gathering [3][1]. While Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu stated on October 19, 2026, that a state of emergency could be imposed if necessary, the government's initial strategy favored targeted measures under ordinary law [3][4]. Furthermore, a legal emergency declaration is unlikely to address the government's identified shortcomings in forecasting, intelligence, and staffing [3][1]. Implementing a nationwide emergency regime also carries risks of collective restrictions, escalating tensions, and political symbolism without offering clear incremental operational advantages [3][5][1].
Sources (5)
  1. 1Etat d'urgence & juge administratifjournal-du-droit-administratif.fr
  2. 2Ce qui reste(ra) toujours de l'urgence —defenseurdesdroits.fr
  3. 3France imposes partial curfews in several cities, including...theguardian.com
  4. 4French PM says could declare state of emergency over...starcitytv.com
  5. 5Client Challengelemonde.fr

10. How have implied probabilities on prediction markets like Polymarket and Kalshi shifted in response to government statements and protest activity since mid-October 2026?

Kalshi probability increase31 percentage points in 24 hours [1]
Kalshi peak probability31% on October 19 at 17:42 UTC [1]
Polymarket probability (snapshot)1.7% Yes through October 21 [2]
Implied probabilities on Kalshi for a French emergency declaration significantly increased amid widespread unrest. For instance, the implied probability on Kalshi for France declaring a state of emergency before January 1, 2027, experienced a sharp rise of 31 percentage points within 24 hours during the October 18–19 protest crisis, reaching a peak of 31% on October 19 at 17:42 UTC [1]. This spike was driven by severe unrest involving approximately 550,000 demonstrators, 2,400 arrests, and nearly 1,000 injured police [3][4][5], along with Prime Minister Lecornu's suggestion of an emergency option [3]. However, these probabilities subsequently receded, with "Before Jan 1, 2027" falling to 25% and "Before Nov 1, 2026" to 17% [6]. This decline occurred after President Macron condemned the violence and empowered local officials to impose curfews, rather than declaring a national state of emergency [4][5][7]. Kalshi data should be considered indicative, not a precise continuous time series [1][8][6].
Polymarket's emergency declaration markets displayed substantial venue and contract divergence, unlike Kalshi. One snapshot of Polymarket's corresponding market showed a probability of around 1.7% for a state of emergency valid through October 21 [2]. In contrast, PredictDesk reported a different Polymarket display indicating a 22% probability for a December 31 outcome [9]. These variations suggest that different contracts or market displays on Polymarket were not directly comparable [2][9]. Separately, a Polymarket market tracking the announcement of a Paris curfew reflected probabilities of 37% by October 19, rising to 68% by October 31, indicating traders generally differentiated local curfews from a full state of emergency declaration [10].
Sources (10)
  1. 1Will France declare a state of emergency? · Before Jan 1, 2027 31% (+31pp) — Kalshi oddspdata.world
  2. 2World Eventspolymarket.com
  3. 3France hit by worst unrest in years as Macron condemns...cnbc.com
  4. 4France Curfew Ordered After Weekend Riots Rock France - Emadan Newsemadan.store
  5. 5France unrest: PM orders curfews, hints at declaring...timesofindia.indiatimes.com
  6. 6Will France declare a state of emergency? Odds & Predictions 2027kalshi.com
  7. 7European stocks dip as French riots spark concernuk.finance.yahoo.com
  8. 8Will France declare a state of emergency? (Before Jan 1, 2027): Odds, Chart & News | 4Search Predictions4search.com
  9. 9France declares state of emergency by... odds - PredictDeskpredictdesks.com
  10. 10Paris curfew announced by...? Predictions & Odds 2026polymarket.com

11. What Could Change the Odds

Key Catalysts

Current market snapshots indicate a low probability for the French government to declare an état d'urgence before January 1, 2027. December 31 pricing is around 16.5%–20%, while October 31 pricing ranges from 7%–13.5%, varying by venue and snapshot date [1][2][3]. As of October 19, 2026, Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu affirmed an emergency declaration could be made 'if needed,' but the government explicitly favored localized curfews over a national state of emergency [4][5][6][7].
The immediate catalyst for a declaration is unusually severe unrest, building on recent weekend violence and looting that impacted at least 3,000 businesses, targeted public buildings, and prompted localized curfews in Paris and other cities [6][8]. Upcoming union-called rallies on November 5 present a significant near-term escalation risk [9][6][10]. The 1955 framework permits an executive decree for a state of emergency for up to 12 days, activated by imminent peril from serious public-order violations or an exceptional calamity [5][7].
Bearish factors against a declaration include reports of geographically concentrated disorder, the apparent effectiveness of localized curfews in reducing incidents, official assessments that the current situation is less severe than the 2005 riots or 2024 New Caledonia crisis, and the sufficiency of existing police powers [5][7][10][8]. Conversely, bullish factors for a declaration include explicit ministerial optionality, continued nationwide spread of unrest, renewed looting, inability of authorities to enforce localized measures, attacks on state institutions, or a terrorist/security shock [4][6][7]. The base-case forecast as of October 20, 2026, maintains that no declaration before January 1, 2027, is more likely than a Yes outcome, with the 15%–20% Yes risk concentrated in late October through November [1][2][3][11].

Key Dates & Catalysts

  • Expiration: November 08, 2026
  • Closes: January 01, 2027
Sources (11)
  1. 1Will France declare a state of emergency?coinbase.com
  2. 2Polymarket | The World's Largest Prediction Market™polymarket.com
  3. 3Will France declare a state of emergency? Odds & Predictions 2027kalshi.com
  4. 4French PM says could declare state of emergency over unrest 'if needed' | AFP.comafp.com
  5. 5"Si c'est nécessaire, évidemment que nous pourrions le faire": que permet l’état d’urgence, pour l’instant écarté par le gouvernement après les violences?bfmtv.com
  6. 6French PM Lecornu says ready to declare state of emergency 'if needed' - France 24france24.com
  7. 7Violences du 17 octobre: pourquoi l’état d’urgence est écarté par le gouvernement?publicsenat.fr
  8. 8French Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu calls for curfews to curb violence | AP Newsapnews.com
  9. 9France's government under pressure after weekend of widespread violencebbc.com
  10. 10France ready to impose curfews wherever needed, PM saysdw.com
  11. 11France declares state of emergency by...: December 31 37% - Polymarket Oddspolyinsider.io